Youth | Discrimination | Vermont

Yes. Vermont was among the first states to pass a comprehensive statewide law prohibiting sexual orientation discrimination in 1992 (par exemple, 21 V.S.A. § 495 (employment)). “Sexual orientation” is defined as “female or male homosexuality, heterosexuality or bisexuality (1 V.S.A. § 143).

In May, 2007, Vermont became the third state in New England to explicitly prohibit discrimination on the basis of gender identity (Public Act 41, An Act Relating to Prohibiting Discrimination on the Basis of Gender Identity, 2007-2008 Leg., Reg. Sess. (Vt. 2007)). The law defines gender identity as “an individual’s actual or perceived gender identity, or gender-related characteristics intrinsically related to an individual’s gender or gender-identity, regardless of the individual’s assigned sex at birth” (1 V.S.A § 144).

As to sexual orientation, maybe.  Although the anti-discrimination laws themselves do not distinguish between actual and perceived sexual orientation, the questionnaire used by the Civil Rights Unit of the Attorney General’s Office allows people to complain of discrimination on account of both sexual orientation and perceived sexual orientation.  However, the Human Rights Commission does not make this distinction in its employment complaint form.  There is no case law on this.  (Note:  The school harassment law, which is discussed below in the Students’ Rights section, does explicitly provide protection for students and their family members who are or are perceived of as gay, lesbian or bisexual.  The hate crime law, discussed below, also applies to actual or perceived sexual orientation and gender identity.)

As to gender identity, and as noted above, gender identity is defined as wither “actual or perceived gender identity.” This language includes discrimination based upon perception.

Vermont law prohibits discrimination in employment, places of public accommodation, housing, credit, and a variety of services.

Oui, le Titre IX interdit toute discrimination fondée sur le sexe à l'encontre des étudiants dans tout établissement d'enseignement supérieur bénéficiant de fonds fédéraux. Suite à l'arrêt de la Cour suprême dans l'affaire Bostock c. Clayton County, qui a établi que la discrimination fondée sur l'orientation sexuelle et l'identité de genre constituait une forme de discrimination sexuelle, le ministère fédéral de l'Éducation, chargé de l'application du Titre IX, a déclaré qu'il interpréterait toute discrimination fondée sur l'orientation sexuelle ou l'identité de genre comme une discrimination sexuelle.

Pour déposer une plainte auprès du Bureau des droits civils du ministère fédéral de l'Éducation, voir :  Comment déposer une plainte pour discrimination auprès du Bureau des droits civils.

Les plaintes peuvent être déposées auprès du coordinateur du Titre IX de votre école, ainsi qu'auprès de :

Bureau des droits civils
Le ministère américain de l'Éducation
Bureau de poste et palais de justice John W. McCormack, salle 222
Place de la Poste
Boston, MA 02109

De plus, certains types de discrimination et de harcèlement peuvent violer les droits constitutionnels d’un étudiant.

There are many ways to approach the issue.  One is to ask for support from a friend, teacher or counselor. When harassed, if you feel safe, you may wish to speak to the perpetrators.

In addition, read your school policies and notify whoever is supposed to be notified—usually a vice principal or Title IX coordinator.  You should document any incidents of harassment or discrimination in writing.  Once you meet with the right officials, make a note of what you told them and on what date and ask when they will be getting back to you with a response.  If they don’t help you or don’t follow through, you may wish to write to the principal and superintendent and ask for them to end the discrimination.  Keep copies of all documentation for future reference.

At the same time, or after contacting the administration as set out above, you may want to contact the Safe Schools Program of the Vermont Department of Education.  This program is responsible for implementing initiatives related to the equal educational opportunities and anti-harassment provisions discussed above.  You can reach them at:

Vermont Agency of Education

219 Main Street, Suite 402

Barre, VT 05641

(802) 479-1030

aoe.edinfo@vermont.gov

Alternatively, since schools are considered public accommodations in Vermont, you may want to file a complaint with the Vermont Human Rights Commission or other legal action.  Contact GLAD for assistance and attorney referrals.

Yes, in 2015 Vermont passed 18 V.S.A. § 8352, Outpatient Mental Health Treatment for Minors.

Les organisations médicales, de santé mentale et de protection de l'enfance, étatiques et nationales, s'opposent toutes à la pratique de la thérapie de conversion, qui vise à modifier l'orientation sexuelle ou l'identité de genre d'une personne. De nombreuses publications professionnelles démontrent que cette pratique est inefficace pour modifier l'orientation sexuelle ou l'identité de genre et qu'elle est néfaste pour les jeunes. Les jeunes ayant suivi une thérapie de conversion présentent un risque accru de dépression, de pensées et de tentatives de suicide, ainsi que de consommation de drogues illicites.

Under the law’s provisions, any licensed mental health provider who practices conversion therapy would be subject to discipline by the appropriate licensing agency.